试论如何加强国有土地资产管理

Tentative Study on How to Strengthen the Management of National Land Assets

我国的土地使用制度改革历经十余年，取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益，使国有土地资产的管理工作逐步走向完善，但仍存在以下问题：①违法批地、违法占地现象。②在增量土地剧增、耕地锐减的同时，存量土地却大量闲置或利用效率低下，造成国有土地资产的极大浪费。③土地隐形市场大量存在。④国有土地资产大量流失。针对土地管理工作中存在的这些问题，笔者提出了加强国有土地资产管理的对策建议：①将划拨土地的审批权限集中，统一由省和国家审批，取消市、县对划拨土地的审批权。②降低土地出让金和土地收益金上缴上级财政的比例，以提高当地土地管理部门及当地政府收取国有土地使用权有偿使用收入的积极性。③制定有效措施，鼓励利用存量土地。④建立土地使用证“年检”制度。⑤加强土地法制建设，加大土地执法监察力度。⑥采用现代化管理手段。

Land is a kind of resources as well as a kind of assets . We must insist that the managment of land assets be as important as the menagement of land resources. And with continuous development of the land utilization system reform in our country, land as assets has shown its importance in economics construction. Doing well in the management of land assets will not only improve the land utilization system to prevent the loss of national land assets , but also develop the socialistic market economy. This paper studied the problems in land-asset menagement and put forward some suggestions on how to strengthen it.