潮土区小麦玉米轮作周期内土壤钾素的动态研究 Ⅱ.施钾对作物产量及土壤钾素动态的影响

STUDIES ON DYNAMICS OF POTASSIUM IN SOIL IN WHEAT MAIZE ROTATED CHAO SOIL REGION II. EFFECTS OF POTASH APPLICATION ON CROP YIELD AND DYNAMICS OF POTASSIUM IN SOIL

研究了豫北潮土区在小麦 玉米轮作周期内不同施钾水平上作物的产量效应与土壤钾素的动态变化。结果表明：供试土壤施钾后不仅提高耕层土壤速效钾含量，而且也很快向缓效钾方向转化，转化量随钾肥用量的提高而增大。整个轮作周期内土壤速效钾及缓效钾含量与施钾量之间呈显著正相关关系。转化为缓效钾的肥料钾比土壤原有缓效钾更易释放，有效性较高。施钾对小麦、玉米都有显著增产效果，以小麦、玉米２ 季各施钾素２００ ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ 左右为宜，不仅可获理想的作物产量，而且可有效地提高土壤钾素含量和供钾水平。

Applying the methods of field trial and indoor chemical analysis, this paper studied the dynamic changes of potassium in soil and the crop responses to potash application during a wheat-maize rotation in Chao soil of northern Henan province. The results showed that the application of potash could raise both the contents of the fast available K and the slowly-released K in soil. And with the increase of potash application, the contents of the two forms of K increased accordingly. The increased slowly released K was liable to be released and more available than the native slowly released K in soil. Potash application could significantly increase the yields of wheat and maize. The K application of around 200 kg/hm\+2 to wheat and maize respectively could produce ideal crop yields and efficiently raise the content and the supplied power of potassium in the soil.