四川省自贡市1985～2009年居民全死因分析

Analysis on All Death Cause of Residents in Zigong City of Sichuan Province from 1985 to 2009

目的回顾性分析四川省自贡市居民1985～2009年死亡原因,为政府卫生决策和疾病预防控制提供科学依据。方法采集1985～2009年自贡市居民死亡监测资料,对全死因死亡率、婴儿死亡率、孕产妇死亡率、疾病别死亡率、年龄别死亡率、期望寿命等指标进行分析。结果自贡市全死因年死亡率波动在6‰左右,男性死亡率高于女性(χ2=8059.769,P=0.000)。呼吸系统疾病、循环系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤和中毒等外部原因疾病、消化系统疾病以及传染病和寄生虫病是自贡市居民死亡的六大主要影响因素。全市不同地区死亡率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=1643.926,P=0.000),经标化富顺县最高。性别、年龄组死亡率呈"U"型变化,从≥15岁组开始死亡率随年龄增加而升高,50岁以后上升趋势明显加剧。婴儿死亡率持续稳定下降并得到有效控制。孕产妇死亡率明显降低。全市平均期望寿命为74.72岁,呈上升趋势。结论慢性疾病是自贡市居民主要的死亡原因。应持之以恒地做好急性传染病和寄生虫病的预防和控制工作,努力降低发病率,减少死亡率。自贡市社会逐步步入老龄化,要大力发展老龄事业。

Objective To analyze the death cause of residents in Zigong from 1985 to 2009,so as to provide the government with scientific information of health strategies,and disease prevention and control.Methods The death surveillance data in Zigong residents from 1985 to 2009 were collected,and the indexes such as all death mortality rate,infant mortality rate,maternal mortality rate,disease-specific mortality rate,age-specific mortality rate,and life expectancy were analyzed.Results The all death mortality rate had fluctuation of plus or minus 6‰,and the male mortality rate was higher than the female（χ^2=8059.769,P=0.000）.The six main influencing factors of the death of Zigong residents were as follows： respiratory system diseases,circulatory system diseases,tumour,injury and poisoning regarded as external cause diseases,digestive system diseases,and infectious diseases and parasitic diseases.The mortality rates of different districts were statistically different（χ2=1643.926,P=0.000）,and Fushun County was the highest among them after standardization.The curve of mortality rate in different sex and age groups was changed alike letter ＂U＂.The mortality rate was ascending with the age in the group of over 15 years old,the ascending trend was more evident especially after 50 years old.The infant mortality declined steadily and was well controlled.The maternal mortality declined obviously.The average life expectancy for the whole city was 74.72,which showed an ascending trend.Conclusion The chronic diseases are the main death cause of residents in Zigong.The prevention and controlling of acute infectious diseases and parasitic diseases should be persistently performed for declining both incidence rate and mortality rate.The Zigong city is gradually stepping into aging society,which requires the great development of senior work.