岩滩水电站建设对水生生物的影响

Influence of Yantan hydroelectric power station construction on water hydrobios and countermeasures

根据岩滩水电站河段近30年水生生物自然资源长序列数据,分析水电站建设对水生生物自然资源的影响,研究红水河流域渔业自然资源枯竭的原因。结果表明:岩滩水电站蓄水11年,库区浮游植物种类减少2.7%,单位体积生物质量为蓄水前的4.4倍;浮游动物种类增加97.9%,单位体积生物质量为蓄水前的16.1倍;底栖动物种类减少70.6%,单位面积生物质量为蓄水前的5倍;水生维管束植物种类增加80%;鱼类种类减少40%。岩滩水电站建设前后水域生态环境发生重大变化,水生生物种类组成及生物量结构差异显著,鱼类及底栖动物种类的生物多样性损害严重。

Through analysis of nearly 30 years of data on natural resources of aquatic organisms in the Yantan hydroelectric power station plant reach,and analysis of the effect of the hydroelectric power station construction on the natural resources of aquatic organisms,the reasons for the depletion of the Red River Basin fishery natural resources were examined.The scientific basis for Red River aquatic organism biodiversity protection and restoration were provided.The results showed that,after operation of the Yantan hydroelectric power station storage for 11 years,plankton species were reduced by 2.7%,and biomass per unit volume was 4.4 times what it had been before storage;zooplankton species increased by 97.9%,and biomass per unit volume was 16.1 times what it had been before storage;benthos species were reduced by 70.6%,and biomass per unit volume was 5 times what it had been before storage;aquatic vascular plants increased by 80%;and fish were reduced by 40%.Comparison of conditions before and after Yantan hydroelectric power station construction show that the water ecological environment has changed tremendously,the aquatic organism species composition and biomass structure difference between the two periods are remarkable,and the fish and the benthic species diversity have significantly diminished.