高次非球面的工艺技术研究

Manufacturing technology for high order aspheric surface

高次非球面在光学系统应用中意义重大,但是一直以来缺乏一套快速、有效的工艺方法。利用VC6.0编制了一款面型计算软件以辅助加工,并提出了一种新的高次非球面补偿检验方法。针对一块巡天光谱仪中口径Φ244 mm的一面平面另一面为高次非球面的改正镜开展工艺方法的设计与研究,从铣磨成形开始,根据高次非球面的特点提出了几种新型磨削工艺,建立相应的数学模型。由于高次非球面的特殊性,试验了数控铣磨直接成型法,很大程度上降低后继工艺难度,在细磨和抛光阶段采用数控小工具和整工具研磨相结合,能够很好地克服面型不平滑等技术难题。总结出了一套高效率、低成本、高精度的高次非球面工艺方法。

Since high order aspheric surface finds significant applications in optical system,a rapid and effective manufacturing technology is required to meet the demand.Software was developed with VC6.0 for aspheric calculation to help fabrication,and a new compensation test was proposed for high order aspheric surface.Taking a high order aspheric collector with the diameter of 244mm as example,a manufacturing technology was developed and related investigations were conducted.Based on milling process and aspheric surface characteristics,several new grinding methods were proposed and related mathematical models were built.In order to process high order aspheric surface efficiently,computerized numerical control（CNC） milling direct shaping method was tested to reduce the complexity of subsequent processes,and numerical controlled small tool was combined with full aperture craft in polishing process to make aspheric surface smoother.Experimental results demonstrate the high order aspheric manufacturing technology is efficient,low cost and precise.