科学体制化的文化诉求与文化冲突——论科学的功利性与自主性

Cultural Requirements and Conflict in Institutionalization of Science——On the Utilitarian and Autonomy of Science

近代科学的体制化是"实验型"科学知识生产制度及其意义不断展开的历史过程,也是科学的社会功能和文化价值不断被重新发现的过程。要深刻理解近代以来科学与文化的关系,必须从这个影响深远的历史进程出发。"求真知"的科研文化和"致实用"的功利主义科学价值观共同构成了近代科学体制化的必要条件。但在这两个文化要素之间存在着冲突,具体表现为科学的"功利性"和"自主性"之间的摩擦与对抗。

The institutionalization of modern science is an evolutionary process of the ＂experimental＂ scientific knowledge production system and its significance, but also a process of which social function and cultural values of science continued to he realized. The understanding about modern science-culture relationship had to be based on realization of this historical procesS. Both ＂truth see- king＂ in research culture and ＂practicality demanding＂ of utilitarian values constitute the necessary conditions of modern science institutionalization. But there also have conflict existed between the two cultural elements, formed the concrete manifestation of the contradiction and confrontation between scientific ＂utilitarian ＂and ＂autonomy ＂.