摘要
小麦籽粒蛋白质含量与氮代谢密切相关。许多研究表明,小麦籽粒氮一方面来自开花后吸收的氮素,另一方面来自开花前营养体积累氮素的再运转。在营养体氮素的再运转中,蛋白质的降解起着重要作用,蛋白质的降解又与蛋白水解酶活性的上升相关,小麦籽粒中的氮素绝大部分来自开花前植株贮存氮素的再运转,只有少部分是开花后吸收的。因此,在小麦生产中除了强调提高植株后期吸收氮素的能力外,应十分重视叶片蛋白质的降解,即氮素的再运转分配,选择开花后氮素吸收同化和氮素再运转能力强的小麦品种,既有利于提高籽粒产量,又可提高籽粒蛋白质含量。此外,小麦籽粒也具有氮素同化能力,关于籽粒的氮素同化能力与籽粒蛋白质含量的关系,有待进一步研究。通过氮素对小麦光合能力、生理活性、群体质量、籽粒产量及粒质量的调控,以及对库源流关系的影响,达到小麦高产的目的。
Wheat grain protein content is closely related with nitrogen metabolism. Many studies showed that wheat grain nitrogen came from the nitrogen absorbed after flowering on one hand, on the other hand from the nitrogen accumulation before flowering vegetative re-operation. Nitrogen in the vegetative re-operation in the protein degradation plays an important role in protein degradation but also related -with the increase of photolytic activity. Most nitrogen in grain comes from the re-operation of nitrogen storage before flowering and only a small part is absorbed after flowering. Therefore, in addition to emphasis to increase plant nitrogen uptake capacity at later stage, great attention is also needed to the degradation of leaf protein, which is nitrogen allocation of re-operation. To select wheat varieties of strong nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen uptake after re-operation would be helpful to increase grain yield and improve grain protein content. In addition, the wheat grain also has nitrogen assimilation and the relationship between nitrogen assimilation and grain protein content needs further study. Through studies on nitrogen control to photosynthetic capacity, physiological activity, group quality, grain yield, grain weight and on effect to the relationship between the origin and library, produetivity improvement is expected in wheat.
出处
《山西农业科学》
2011年第3期291-294,共4页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
关键词
氮素营养
小麦
光合能力
群体质量
调控
nitrogen nutrient
wheat
photosynthetic capacity
groups quality
control