陀螺经纬仪在地理空间定向中的应用研究——以西安地铁工程为例

Study on the application of gyroscopic theodolite in geographical spatial orientation:Take Xi′an metro project as a case

目的研究陀螺经纬仪在地铁工程中空间定向的一些方法。方法测量误差传递及陀螺地理空间定位理论,西安地铁二号线典型盾构区间为实验研究对象,分析引起误差的原因及探讨提高陀螺定向精度的措施。结果在接收井附近测定仪器常数的陀螺定向边精度,优于在始发井附近测定仪器常数的定向精度和地下导线精度。结论地理纬度对陀螺方位角的影响是不可忽视的因素;使用陀螺仪进行隧道空间定向时,地面已知边应选在接收井附近测定仪器常数;加测陀螺定向边是提高贯通精度的有效手段。

Aim To study some methods of applying gyroscopic theodolite for in geographical spatial orientation metro project.Methods Use the theories of survey error and geographical spatial orientation of gyroscopic theodolite,take subway No.2 line of Xi′ an as a case,analyze the reason of error and the ways to improve accuracy of orientation of gyroscopic theodolite.Results The accuracy of orientation of gyroscopic theodolite,when the instrument constant is measured in the receiving well,is surpassing to the accuracy when the instrument constant is measured in starting well,and the accuracy of the ground wire as well.Conclusion The geographical latitudes which influence the azimuth of the gyro scope should not be neglected,when using gyroscope theodolite in the tunnel or underground space orientation,the known directional edge of ground should be selected near the receiving well to measure instrument constant.Adding measurement of orientation of gyroscope improve the accuracy of linking up tunnel.