美国提出中欧共同均衡裁军原因分析

The Causes of Why America Sponsored the Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions Negotiations in Central Europe

中欧均衡裁军的意向是在美苏军备竞赛和规避冲突的纠葛中逐渐产生的。尼克松政府在中欧均衡裁军问题上的主要政策目标:一是利用苏联对欧安会的热衷获取其在欧洲缓和与裁军问题上的让步;二是欲通过裁军谈判缩小两大军事集团在中欧常规力量上的差距;三是借由多边裁军会议推行美国的防务分担政策,减轻自身的防务压力。中欧均衡裁军谈判作为缓解美苏军备竞赛的主要手段之一,为缓和东西方的紧张局势,缓解美国面临的国内外压力发挥了一定的作用。

The intention of MBFR came into being gradually in the combined action of US - Soviet arms competition and evading confliction. The Nixon government had three mainly targets in MBFR. Firsdy, the U. S. wanted to make use of Soviet Union＇s eager for CSCE to gain its concession on European detente and disarmament issue. Secondly, the Nixon government wanted to reduce the disparity on conventional military strength in central Europe between East and West by the disarmament negotiation. Thirdly, the U. S. wanted to pursue expenditure sharing with European allies and lighten its military budget pressure. As one of the mainly methods on receding US - Soviet arms competition, the MBFR played a positive role on detente between East and West and relieving the America internal problems.