高包容量放射性焚烧灰水泥固化材料的研制

Preparation Research on Cement Solidified Material for Radioactive Incineration Ash with High Waste Loading

为实现核废物处置成本最小化,提高放射性焚烧灰的固化效率和水泥固化体的安全性,开展了高包容量放射性焚烧灰水泥固化材料的研究。结果表明:经偏高岭土、粉煤灰、沸石、蛭石及聚合物乳胶粉优化改性的新型水泥固化材料,固化体中的放射性焚烧灰包容量高(40%),力学性能及耐久性能优良,核素离子浸出率低,尤其是固化超铀核素时,第42d浸出率<1.0×10–6cm/d,累计浸出分数<6.0×10–4cm。新型水泥固化材料可大幅度减小单位数量核废物的最终固化体积。

To minimize nuclear waste disposal cost,improve solidification efficiency of radioactive incineration ash（RIA） and security of cement solidified waste,the research and development of cement solidified material for radioactive incineration ash with high waste loading is carried out.The results show that： new cement solidified materials optimized and modified by metakaolin,fly ash,zeolite,vermiculite,and polymer emulsion powder can solidify RIA with high efficiency.Modified cement solidified waste exhibits high RIA loading（40%,by mass）,excellent mechanical properties and durability,low leaching rate of radionuclide ion,such as Cs＋ and Sr2＋.Besides,the leaching rate at 42 day is 1.0×10-6cm·d-1 and the cumulative leaching fraction is 6.0×10-4cm while especially solidifies transuranium elements.New cement solidified material can significantly reduce the solidified waste volume of unit quantity nuclear waste.