日本铁路考察报告——对我国铁路产业及北京城市轨道交通发展方向的一些建议

Investigation report on Japanese railway——Suggestions on the railway industry and Beijing urban rail development

轨道交通可以压缩时空距离,提升时空价值,实现交通功能与其他功能有机耦合,已成为解决人地关系紧张和"城市病"的重要甚至唯一途径。日本经验表明,轨道交通发展重点已从路网扩充向综合枢纽及铁路客站城市方向转移。快速轨道交通要适应城市群连绵成带发展需要,要大力发展通勤铁路和环状线,按照TOD模式实现交通枢纽与土地联合开发,构建铁路车站城市。我国要加强高速铁路和城市轨道交通时空规制,培育铁路文化、铁路精神和铁路意识,构建高速铁路建设触发机制,完善交通枢纽和综合运输规划体制,促进方式间有序竞争,形成财政补贴长效机制,实施计程票制和收益管理制度,优化运营组织,促进我国轨道交通事业可持续发展。

Being able to shorten the temporal and spatial distance,enhance the value of time and space,achieve the organic integration between transport functions and other functions,rail traffic has become an important and even the only way to solve land resource scarcity and ＂urban disease＂.Japan＇s experience shows that the focus of rail traffic has shifted from rail network expanding to development of integrated hub and rail station city.To adapt to the development needs of urban agglomeration,great effort shall be made to build commuter rail and ring rail,to achieve joint development of transport hub and land development to make a rail station city in accordance with the TOD mode.China has to strengthen high-speed railway and urban rail transit time and space regulations,foster railway culture,spirit and railway awareness,build high-speed railway construction trigger mechanism,improve the transport hub and integrated transport planning system and promote orderly competition among modes to form a long-term financial subsidies mechanism,the implementation of the metered fare system and revenue management system,optimize operation organization,promoting sustainable development of China＇s rail transport.