对苯二甲酸作业人群尿液生化反应的研究

Study on the changes of urinary biochemical response in workers exposed to terephthalic acid

目的 探讨对苯二甲酸（ＴＰＡ） 作业人群尿酶和尿液离子水平的变化。方法 对１０７ 名工人进行个体采样并测定空气和尿中ＴＰＡ 浓度。留取１２７ 名ＴＰＡ 作业工人当日工前、工后尿样和７１ 名对照尿样，对尿样中γ谷氨酰转肽酶（γＧＧＴ） 、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ） 、乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ） 、Ｎ乙酰βＤ氨基葡糖苷酶（ＮＡＧ） 活力和尿ｐＨ 值、Ｎａ ＋ 、Ｋ＋ 、Ｃｌ－ 、Ｃａ２ ＋ 、ＮＨ４ ＋ 、ＰＯ４３ － 和ＳＯ４２ － 离子浓度进行分析。结果尿ＴＰＡ 水平与空气ＴＰＡ 浓度存在相关关系。接触组尿Ｎａ ＋ 、Ｃｌ－ 、Ｃａ２ ＋ 、ＮＨ４ ＋ 和ＳＯ４２ － 离子浓度显著高于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ；指标聚类统计分析结果显示：尿ＴＰＡ 与尿ＮＨ４ ＋ 相关系数最大（ ｒ ＝ ０ ．２１２ ５ ，Ｐ＝ ０ ．０１９ ８） ，两者之间存在剂量依赖关系；对接触组和对照组作逐步判别分析，筛选出Ｃａ２ ＋ 、ＮＨ４ ＋ 和ＮＡＧ３ 项最有价值的指标。结论 ＮＨ４ ＋ 排泄增多可引起机体负氮平衡，以尿ＮＨ４ ＋ 水平作为接触ＴＰＡ的生物学效应指标，并辅以Ｃａ２ ＋ 和ＮＡＧ 两项指标可监测ＴＰＡ

Objective To study the changes of urinary ions and enzymes in workers exposed to terephthalic acid(TPA). Methods Air TPA concentration from personal sampling and urinary TPA level in 107 workers were analysed respectively.Urinary biochemical parameters were determined in 127 workers exposed to TPA and 71 control workers in the same plant.The parameters examined included urinary γ GGT,ALP,LDH,N acetyl β glucosaminidase(NAG),pH,Na +,K +,Cl -,Ca 2+ ,NH 4 +,PO 4 3- and SO 4 2- . Results The TPA load in urine was correlated to the TPA concentration in air.The results showed that concentrations of urinary Na +,Cl -,Ca 2+ ,NH 4 + and SO 4 2- were significantly increased in exposed workers.Cluster analysis showed that the excretion of NH 4 + was significantly correlated to urinary TPA load.Ca 2+ ,NH 4 + and NAG were the most valuable indexes screened out by step discriminant analysis. Conclusion Negative nitrogen balance effect may be caused by excessive excretion of NH 4 +,hence urinary NH 4 + is suggested to be an effective biological indicator under the condition of TPA exposure and that NAG,Ca 2+ and NH 4 + may be used to evaluate the early changes of renal function.