不同肥料与芸苔素内酯处理对5年生油茶光合和品质的影响

Photosynthesis and seed characteristics of five-year-old Camellia oleifera with fertilizer and brassinolides(BRs) applications

为了探索不同肥料和不同质量浓度芸苔素内酯(BRs)在油茶Camellia oleifera优良无性系上的运用最佳效果,选择5年生‘长林4号’‘长林18号’和‘长林166号’优良无性系油茶品种,采用L9(34)正交试验设计,对它们分别施生物有机肥、油茶专用肥及复合肥和叶面喷施0.067,0.033和0.020 mg·L-1芸苔素内酯,然后测定各处理油茶叶片日光合速率和油茶茶果的各项指标,并对测得数据进行相应的分析和总结。结果表明:①净光合速率最高处理是‘长林166号’品系,施复合肥和喷施0.067 mg·L-1芸苔素内酯;②百粒质量最大处理是‘长林18号’品系,施有机肥和喷施0.020 mg·L-1芸苔素内酯;③出籽率最高处理是‘长林18号’品系,施有机肥和喷施0.020mg·L-1芸苔素内酯;④出仁率最高处理是‘长林166号’品系,施专用肥和喷施0.020 mg·L-1芸苔素内酯;⑤出油率最高处理是长林4号品系,施专用肥和喷施0.033 mg·L-1芸苔素内酯。

To explore the effects of photosynthesis and seed characteristics with fertilizer and brassinolides（BRs） application to Camellia oleifera,organic fertilizer,a special fertilizer of Camellia oleifera,and a compound fertilizer of N-P2O5-K20≥4%,with a BRs spray in concentrations of 0.067,0.033,and 0.020 mg·L-1 were applied to five-year-old ＇Chang-lin 4＇,＇Chang-lin 18＇,and ＇Chang-lin 166＇cultivars of C.oleifera using an L9（34） orthogonal test design.Then leaf photosynthetic rates and fruit characteristics were measured and analyzed using DPS 12.1 software.Results showed that（1） the highest photosynthetic rate was with ＇Changlin 166＇using the compound fertilizer and 0.067 mg·L-1 BRs;（2） the heaviest 100-seed weight and the highest seed extraction rate were found with ＇Changlin 18＇ using the organic fertilizer and 0.020 mg·L-1 BRs;（3） the highest benevolence extraction rate was with＇Changlin 18＇employing the specialty fertilizer with 0.020 mg·L-1 BRs;and（4） the highest extraction oil rate was from＇Changlin 4＇using the special fertilizer with 0.033 mg·L-1 BRs.