交易成本的处理:补偿与降低

Dispose of Transaction Costs:Compensation and Reduction

交易完成前除生产成本之外的所有成本都可界定为交易成本,即成本模型中总成本等于生产成本与交易成本之和。对交易成本处理主要有补偿与降低两种方式。在不同的市场结构和不同的市场定价法下,交易成本通过价格机制补偿的程度不一,在成本加成定价无法实现的情况下,交易成本的处理就从补偿转向了降低。通过制度规范、重复博弈和适度规模是厂商降低交易成本的一般措施。

Before a deal concluded,all the costs that except production costs can be defined as transaction costs,that is,the total costs are equal to production costs plus transaction costs.Compensation and reduction are two main ways to managing transaction costs.In different market structures and different pricing rules,the extent of transaction costs compensated by price mechanism is also different.When cost-plus pricing cannot be realized,the problem that how to compensate transaction costs turns into the way to reducing.The general measures to reducing transaction costs include institutions building,repeated games,and maintain moderate scale.