丹东地区特殊教育学校智障学生体育需求及干预措施

How to Carry out Physical Education for Mentally Retarded Students in Special Schools in Dandong

运用问卷调查法、文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法,对丹东地区特殊教育学校智障学生的体育需求进行调查研究。结果显示:调查发现他们喜欢的项目以跑步、篮球、足球、体育舞蹈为主,选择跑步的53%,选择篮球的40%,选择足球的33%,选择体育舞蹈的33%;选择上课形式上,选择根据自己的爱好运动的占60%,选择自由活动的占60%,只有20%。智障学生体育参与的动机主要是培养各项身体素质、掌握体育的基本知识和技能、加强人际间的交往以及培养同学朋友间的情感。学生都喜欢观看和参与体育比赛,对待体育课教学内容和组织方式有不同的需求。并根据智障学生的身心特点提出了一定的干预措施及相应的发展对策。

The demand for sports of mentally retarded students in special schools in Dandong were investigated.The results showed that students with intellectual disabilities like to participate sports acitivities such as running,basketball,football and dancing with participation percentage of 53%,40%,33% and 33%,respectively.By participating sports acitivities,these students can improve their physical quality,master basic knowledge and skill of sports,enhance interpersonal communication and cultivate friendship among classmates and friends.Students like to watch and participate in sports,but they have different demands for teaching contents and organization of physical education class.According to physical and psychological characteristics of students with intellectual disabilities,some advice and strategies for physical education are proposed.