皖北农村留守青少年体质现状与对策研究

Physical Fitness of Left-behind Teenagers in Rural Areas of Northern Anhui

采取分层随机抽取阜阳周边乡村中学13~16岁农村留守青少年学生,按性别以每岁为一组,共计8个年龄组,每一年龄组50人,进行体质测试,包括身体形态、身体机能和身体素质等11项指标,与全国同龄青少年体质数据进行比较来分析皖北农村留守青少年的体质状况,结果表明：皖北农村留守青少年身体形态、身体机能等指标均显著低于全国同龄平均水平（P〈0.001）,速度、柔韧等身体素质较好,明显高于全国均值（P〈0.001或P〈0.01）,但力量素质较差,需加强科学合理的力量锻炼,大力重视农村留守青少年的体质发展;依据分析结果提出家庭、学校、社会共同有针对性的开展行动,为促进我国农村留守青少年体质健康发展提出有效解决方案。

Left-behind teenagers in middle schools of rural areas near Fuyang were selected randomly.They were divided into 8 groups by sex and age,each group having 50 students.Eleven physical parameters of them,including body structure,function,fitness,were tested.These parameters were compared with those of students of the same age in the country.The results showed that the parameters related to body structure and function were significantly lower than the national average（P 0.001）;parameters related to speed and flexibility were remarkably better（P 0.001 or P 0.01）;the extremity strength and explosive power were worse.Therefore,it proposed that these students need scientific strength excise.Families,schools and communities should make joint efforts to promote the physical fitness of left-behind teenager in rural areas.