太湖流域农村分散居民生活垃圾与生活污水共处置强化产沼技术

Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Domestic Solid Waste and Wastewater of Disperse Rural Households in Taihu Lake Basin

开发以农村生活易腐垃圾为骨料,利用农村生活污水流动分配养分的厌氧发酵技术,以实现农村废物的共处置目标。试验结果表明,生活污水回灌促进了生活垃圾产CH4量,进水频率5 d.次-1的工况处置CH4累积产量高于进水频率3 d.次-1的工况处置。进水量100 mL、进水频率3 d.次-1条件下,与空白反应器（加入蒸馏水）相比,加入生活污水的反应器所产CH4浓度提高了2.4倍（P〉0.05）,45 d时CH4累积产量提高了4.9倍。反应器内CH4累积量与进水量呈正比例关系,进水量150与50 mL的工况处置相比较而言,CH4累积量可提高2.1~4.5倍。回灌后出水的沼液CODC r高于10 g.L-1,TN约为600 mg.L-1,TP约为100 mg.L-1,具备较高的肥效,可作为液体肥料还田。

The technology of anaerobic fermentation for biogas production using domestic decayable solid waste from rural disperse households as base substance and flowing domestic wastewater from the households as nutrient distributor is developed to realize co-disposition of the two types of waste in the rural area.Tests of the technology show that the use of the wastewater increased biogas generation from the solid waste.The treatment of filling of wastewater once every 5 days is higher in cumulative biogas production than the treatment of filling of wastewater once every 3 days.With the water filling rate set at 100 mL,the methane concentration in the digester was 2.4 times（P0.05,n=6） higher in the treatment of filling of wastewater once every 3 days than in the control（filling of distilled water） and the cumulative methane production was 4.9 times higher in the former than in the latter in 45 days.Methane accumulation in the digester was in direct proportion to wastewater filling rate.With the wastewater filling rate increasing from 50 to 150 mL,methane accumulation increased by 2.1-4.5 times.The outflow from the digester was10 g·L-1 in CODCr ca 600 mg·L-1 in TN and ca 100 mg·L-1 in TP.So it can be used as liquid fertilizer for direct application in the farm fields.