玉米自交系穗部性状的配合力分析

Analysis on the Combining Ability of Maize Inbred Lines for Ear Characters

以吉林农业科技学院玉米育种组选育的10个优良稳定自交系和7个外引骨干。为供试材料(自选系为母本,骨干系为父本),按NCII设计组配70个杂交组合,对7个穗部性状和小区产量进行配合力分析。结果表明:穗长、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重、单株产量、小区产量的GCAT和SCA方差均达极显著水平。在供试的10个自选系中,N575、N194、N503、N324是表现比较理想的自交系,N575×丹340、N503×吉853,N324×丹340是产量较高、性状比较理想的组合。相关分析表明:单穗粒重与穗长、行数、穗粗、百粒重有较大的正相关,与行粒数、秃尖长有较小的负相关。

In this study,70 crosses were made by NCⅡ design with 7 inbred lines（consisting of 10 P1 which were selected by Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College and 7 P2 which were elite inbred lines）.The results showed： GCAT and SCA Variance of plant height,ear height,stem diameter,tassel main axis length,tassel branch number,ear length,ear diameter,ear row,number of kernels per row,100-grain weight,grain weight per ear and grain yield were all significant.N575,N194,N324,N503,N324 among the ten inbred lines for experiment were better inbred lines.And N575×DAN340,N503×JI853,N324×DAN340 were the better combinations of high yield and agronomy characters.Correlation analysis indicated that the grain weight of per ear was significantly positive correlated with ear length,ear row,ear thickness and 100-grain weight and little negative correlated with number of kernels per row,bald top length of ear.