基于“怨恨”理论的现代社会反思——舍勒“怨恨”理论浅析

Rethinking Modern Society from the Perspective of Scheler's "Resentment" Theory——Briefly analyzing Scheler's "resentment" theory

舍勒认为资本主义社会所面临的种种困境的根源乃是作为心理机制的"怨恨",并以现象学还原的方法探讨了怨恨产生的根源。在他看来,怨恨产生于自己与他人的价值攀比中所生成的报复欲长久不能满足,怨恨的产生颠覆了传统的价值取向,使社会价值处于一种失范状态。舍勒在"怨恨"理论的基础上,他对现代社会进行了深刻的反思,"怨恨"理论的确为我们打开了一个理解西方资本主义社会的全新的视野,但它的理论局限也是显而易见的。

Scheler held the root of all kinds of embarrassment that capitalist society was facing lay in the ＂resentment＂ in mind,after discussing the source of resentment through phenomenological reduction.In his view,resentment was caused by continuous dissatisfaction while one competed with others in fortune or value.This resentment overthrew traditional value orientation and made social value distorted.Scheler rethought profoundly modern society on the basis of his ＂resentment＂ theory.The theory actually gives us a brand-new horizon to understand western capitalist society,but its limitation is also obvious in theory.