高考作文著作权初探

Preliminarily on the Copyright of College-admission Composition

高考作文虽然具有应试作品、学校教育作品、作品名称相对预定和创作范围相对限定的特殊性,但仍属于我国著作权法意义上的作品,应受我国著作权法保护。高考作文的这些特殊性不能使其成为职务作品、法人作品或委托作品,高考考生是高考作文的唯一作者,对高考作文享有完全的著作权。但高考作文作为应试作品的特殊性质,则决定了相关教育行政部门可以在实施国家高考制度职责范围内使用考生未发表的高考作文;另一方面,高考作文又属学校教育作品,这一特殊性使得考生所在学校也可以在实施学校教育的合理范围内使用考生未发表的高考作文。报社、期刊社、网络、图书出版社未经考生许可、未向考生支付报酬就刊载出版高考作文的行为,是侵犯著作权的行为。

Despite of their examination-oriented character,content of school education,relatively-predicted theme and restricted creation scope,College-admission compositions still belong to the category of work in the sense of our Copyright Law and are protected by the law.College-admission examinees as sole authors enjoy the copyright,so these works cannot become works serving for duty,juridical person or consigned purpose.However,featuring the examination-required products,this type of unpublished compositions is determined to be used for college-admission system.On the other hand,these compositions belong to works of school education,which means that examinees＇ university is entitled to use examinees＇ unpublished works in the reasonable scope of school education.Without examinees＇ permission,any unpaid publication of newspaper offices,periodical offices,network and publishing companies is regarded as copyright infringement.