彩色多普勒超声检查评价高海拔地区居住不同年限人群肱动脉内皮功能

Evaluation of endothelial function in brachial artery of residents at high altitude for different living time with color Doppler ultrasonography

目的应用彩色多普勒超声检查评价高海拔地区居住不同年限人群血流介导血管舒张功能。方法应用高频彩色多普勒超声检查检测海拔高度3000m以上294例居住不同年限人群肱动脉反应性充血前后血管内径、血流速度、血流量、血管阻力指数(RI)、心率,分析肱动脉血管内皮依赖性舒张(EDD)功能,并与100例海拔高度1560m居民(对照组)进行比较。结果高海拔地区居住1～2年组人群肱动脉基础内径为(3.97±0.41)cm,3～4年组为(3.87±0.30)cm,≥5年组为(3.69±0.57)cm,前2组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义,≥5年组肱动脉基础内径低于对照组(P<0.05)。1～2年组反应性充血时肱动脉内径的扩张程度为(12.42±3.13)%,3～4年组为(11.62±1.03)%,与对照组的(10.30±1.02)%相比无统计学差异;而≥5年组为(12.58±1.90)%,显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论高海拔地区居住时间不同肱动脉检测指标也不同,久居高原低氧环境EDD功能下降。

Objective To evaluate endothelial function in brachial artery of residents at high altitude for different living time with color Doppler ultrasound.Methods Before and after reactive hyperemia,the internal diameter,blood flow rate,volume of blood flow,index of vascular resistance（RI）,heart rate and flow-mediated endothelium dependent dilation（EDD） of brachial artery in 294 residents living at the altitude above 3000 m for different living time were detected by the portable color Doppler ultrasound with the frequency of 7.5-12.0 MHz.Results The basic internal diameters of brachial artery in residents living in high-altitude area were（3.97 ± 0.41） mm for 1-2 years,（3.87 ± 0.30） mm for 3-4 years,and（3.69 ± 0.57） mm for those living for 5 years,respectively.The basic internal diameter in the group of subjects living more than five years was lower than that in the control group（P 0.05）.The dilation extents of internal diameters in brachial artery which was in reactive hyperemia state were（12.42 ± 3.13） % for 1-2 years,（11.62 ± 1.03） % for 3-4 years and（10.30 ± 1.02） % for those living more than five years respectively.The dilation extents in the group of subjects living more than five years were lower than those in the control group（P 0.01）.Conclusion The indicators of brachial artery are various with the different living time of hight-altitued residents.EDD is reduced in the population living longer at high altitude and hypoxia atmosphere.