儿童慢性咳嗽的病因探讨

Evaluation of the Etiology for Chronic Cough in Children

目的:探讨儿童慢性咳嗽的病因及其分类方法,从而对临床医师在诊断小儿慢性咳嗽的病因时有所借鉴和帮助。方法:对2007年1月至2009年12月我院收治的病因诊断明确的60例慢性咳嗽患儿的临床特点进行回顾,分析引起慢性咳嗽的病因,并对诊断程序进行总结。结果:引起60例患儿慢性咳嗽的病因分别为反复呼吸道感染15例(25%)、咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)13例(21.7%)、鼻后滴注综合征11例(18.3%)、支原体感染10例(16.7%)、胃食管反流性咳嗽(GERC)6例(10.0%)、心因性3例(5.0%)和其他2例(3.3%)。其中反复呼吸道感染、CVA、鼻后滴注综合征为引起小儿慢性咳嗽的主要病因。针对病因治疗后,全部患儿的咳嗽症状明显减轻或消失。结论:应强调对慢性咳嗽的程序式诊断,以明确病因,对小儿慢性咳嗽性疾病的治疗具有较强的可操作性。

Objective： To explore the etiology of children with chronic cough,to be observed and analyzed the its classification,and to help the clinician to diagnose the children with chronic cough.Methods： ：The clinical data of 60 chronic cough in children was re-viewed,admitted in our hospital between January 2007 to December 2009,analyzing the etiology of chronic cough and summa rizing the diagnostic procedures.Results： The cause of 60 cases were： 15 cases were recurrent respiratory tract infection（25%）,13 cases were cough variant asthma（CVA）（21.7%）,11 cases were postnasal drip syndrome（PNDS）（18.3%）,10 cases were mycoplasma infection（16.7%）,6 cases were gastroesophageal reflux cough（10.0%）,3 cases were psychogenic cough（5.0%） and 2 cases were others（3.3%）.So the major causes of chronic cough in children were recurrent respiratory tract infection,cough variant asthma（CVA） and postnasal drip syndrome（PNDS）.Conclusions： The etiology of chronic cough in children are complex,we should emphasize diagnostic procedure of chronic cough,to clear the etiology.Something can help you to evaluate the patients,for example： the age,medical history,physical ex-amination,lung function and imaging.It is a strong operability for the treatment of chronic cough in children.