广州近35年来的气候变化

CLIMATE CHANGES OF GUANGZHOU CITY IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

在经过双累积曲线的严格验证后， 对１９６１ ～１９９５ 年广州的气象观测数据进行分析， 发现近３５年来广州年平均气温上升了０６２ ℃， 最为明显的时期是１９８５ ～１９９５ 年。１９８５ 年以前， 年平均气温年际间变化有较为明显的周期性， 周期长大约为７ ～８ 年。引起年平均气温上升的主要原因是湿季气温的明显上升， 这与湿季多云、空气湿度大和空气中烟尘含量增加等多方面因素的积加作用有关。年平均日照百分率有非常明显的下降趋势， １９９５ 年比１９６１ 年下降了２７９ ％ 。干湿季分别为２２９ ％ 和３２１ ％ ， 干季日照百分率的降低主要发生在１ ～３ 月份。大气相对湿度也有下降的趋势， 但在不同时期是不一样的，

Strictly tested by Double Mass Curve, the 1961-1995 meteorological data of Guangzhou are analyzed. It is found that the annual average air temperature (AAAT) increased by 0 62 ℃ in the past 35 years and the most obvious increase occurred during 1985-1995. Before 1985, the periodical phenomenon of AAAT changes in different years was apparent, and the periodicity was about 7-8 years. The increase of air temperature in wet season (April-September) contributed most to the AAAT increment, which was correlated with the combination of cloudy weather, high humidity and air pollution (including greenhouse gases). The annual relative duration of sunshine apparently decreased by 27 9% for the past 35 years, with 22 9% in dry season and 32 1% in wet season. The atmospheric relative humidity was also in process of decrease during those years,but the drop pattern was different from that of other meteorological factors.