珠江三角洲镇域乡镇工业生产组织与发展研究──以民乐、人和、北三镇为例

THE PRODUCTION ORGANIZATION OF THE TOWNSHIP INDUSTRY AND ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE PEARL RIVER DELTA Case Studies in Three Townships of Minle, Renhe and Beijiao

乡镇工业迅速增长是改革开放以来珠江三角洲区域经济发展的重要特征和区域城市化的主要动力。借鉴西方工业生产组织理论，从镇域这一基本空间单位出发，以民乐、人和、北三镇为例，探讨了乡镇工业企业生产的组织及其变化对镇域地方工业发展所产生的影响。认为在有关外部条件的作用下，企业本身的运作是影响珠江三角洲区域内乡镇工业发展的根本因素。

Industrial production organization, has been chosen as the research approach to explore the regional township industrial development in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). It is found that: 1) There is neither vertical nor horizontal production linkage among the local industrial enterprises in Minle, where the industrial development is at a low level; 2) Local key industrial firm appear in Renhe, with inter-firm vertical and horizontal integration of production organization. Most of the other firms are subcontracting plants for the putting out enterprises in core cities such as Hong Kong and Guangzhou. There are horizontal linkages among some of these subcontracting firms, as well as closer production linkages among the enterprises in this township than those in Minle, and the industrial development in Renhe is at a mid-level; 3) Local leading industrial firms in Beijiao adopt the production organization of vertical and horizontal integration. Most of the other firms (particularly the small ones) are subcontracting plants for the leading firms in the same township. Production linkages among the enterprises in Beijiao is closer than those in the former two townships, so the industrial development is also much higher. The conclusions are: 1) The production organization of the township industrial enterprises keeps changing, and the fundamental driving force for this change is the firms′ seeking maximal profits. 2) The local industry in the township develops with change of the firms′ production organization, and the enterprises themselves have great influence on the regional industrial development. 3) The local government, as the investor and administrator of the township industrial firms, in order to push the local industrial development, should help the enterprises to change their production organization in the course of their development. 4) The townships in core area have more complicated production organization and closer production linkages. This is one of the main reasons that the townships in core area have higher industrial development level than those in the peripheral area.