广东耕地面积变化的空间分布特征及其与经济、人口增长的关系

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CULTIVATED LAND LOSS WITH ITS CORRELATION TO ECONOMIC AND POPULATION GROWTH IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

根据１９９１～１９９６年各市耕地面积的减少程度，广东省可分出轻微减少、中等减少、较严重减少和严重减少４类地区，它们在空间分布上具有半环带状结构的特点。环珠江口两岸的核心地区是耕地面积减少程度较严重和严重的地区，较偏远的粤东、粤西和粤北地区是耕地面积减少程度较轻微的地区。经济发展速度和水平是导致这一空间分布现象出现的主要原因。人口增长因素对耕地减少的影响作用不甚明显。

In the recent years, rapid decrease of cultivated land area has occurred in Guangdong Province. The characteristics of spatial distribution of the land loss and correlation with economic and population growth from 1991 to 1996 are studied. The province is divided into four types of regions with different rates of cultivated land area decreasing. Type I is the regions of slight decrease in cultivated land area, including Shaoguan, Heyuan, Meizhou, Zhanjiang, Maoming and Qingyuan. Type II is those of moderate decrease in cultivated land area, including Zhaoqing, Yangjiang, Jiangmen, Shanwei, Huizhou, Chaozhou, Shantou and Jieyang. Type III is those of more serious decrease in cultivated land area, including Foshan, Dongguan and Guangzhou. Type IV is those of most serious decrease in cultivated land area, including Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Zhongshan.The characteristics of the spatial distribution of those regions are in the form of the semi-concentric belts. Regions of type IV and III are located at the core area, around the beaches of the Pearl River Mouth,while regions of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ located at the Eastern, Western and Northern, remote areas of the Province. It is found that the economic growth is the dominant drive to form the spatial distribution of cutivated land loss, from the analysis of correlation between cultivated land area decrease, and the rates and levels of economic development and population growth in the 4 type regions. The regions of rapid cultivated land loss are the cities that have high rates and levels of economic development around the beaches of the Pearl River Mouth, including the two Special Economic Zones-Shenzhen and Zhuhai.Others that have low rates and levels of economic growth in the north, east and west areas of the province are the regions of slight land loss. Obvious evidence has not been found to show that there are some tight relationship between population growth and cultivated land loss.However, economic development has had more impact on the population growth in the developed regions (III and IV).