番禺市农业结构的转变及其效果

TRANSFORMATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURE IN PANYU CITY AND ITS EFFECTS

单一化的经济不利于充分利用资源，而多元化的经济不利于高效利用资源。为了充分而高效利用资源，应该根据区域资源的实际状况确定合理的区域农业结构和专业化程度。１９８０年以来番禺市农业结构调整的效果表明，农业结构专业化程度降低的幅度越大，结构转变的效率越低，专业化程度降低的幅度越小，结构转变的效率就越高。区域农业发展的方向应该是在具有比较优势的行业专业化发展，在专业化基础上逐步实现规模化、基地化和农工贸一体化。

The agricultural structure in Panyu City, Guangzhou has been adjusted largely since 1980. The specialization degree of the agricultural production structure declined from 0 646 3 in 1980 to 0 319 6 in 1997. The increase rate of agricultural production lowered rapidly in the years of 1993,1986 and 1983, when the specialization degree declined drastically; but raised highly in the years of 1984, 1987, 1991 and 1994, when the specialization degree increased a little or kept relatively steady (declined less than 7%). The specialization degree of agricultural labor force structure declined from 0 731 4 in 1990 to 0 574 3 in 1997. The gross value of agricultural output reduced 3 84% in the maximum declined year ( 1993) , but increased largely during the period from 1994 to 1996 when the specialization degree of agricultural labor force structure kept relatively stable(declined less than 5%). The results indicate that the more the specialization degree of the agricultural structure decreases, the worse efficient the transformation is; and vice versa. The single-product economy is not good for full use of the regional resources ,while the diversified economy is not good for efficient use of the resources. In order to make full and efficient use of the resources, a rational agricultural structure and specialization degree should be defined according to their practical situation. The orientation of regional agriculture should be the specialization of the trades with comparative advantages, the formation of scale economy,the construction of production bases,and the integration of agricultural, industrial and commercial enterprises.