论相对人类中心主义与生态文明的内在同一性

On the Internal Identity between Relative Anthropocentrism and Ecological Civilization

人类中心主义分为绝对人类中心主义和相对人类中心主义两个范畴,前者盲目强调人的主体价值,片面认识及夸大人的主体能动性,忽视自然对于人类的先在性及其客观规律,奴役与盘剥自然,最终导致人类面临诸多的生态危机与社会危机;后者尊重人类生存及发展权的绝对性,承认自然的先在性及环境承载力和自然资源的有限性,尊重自然界的客观规律,追求人与自然的和谐相处及共同发展、可持续发展,是对前者的扬弃。生态文明是人类对传统文明形态尤其是工业文明进行深刻反思的积极成果,是人类文明发展理念和文明发展模式的巨大进步。相对人类中心主义与生态文明都以人为本,都强调人与自然和谐相处、共同发展,都注重协调人与人之间的关系,都符合科学发展观,它们在本质上具有内在同一性。

Anthropocentrism can be classified into two categories,absolute and relative ones;the former overstresses the value of man as entity and aggrandizes man＇s initiative,ignoring Nature＇s precedence over humankind and its laws and subjecting and exploiting Nature,finally incurring many ecological and social crises;the latter esteems the absoluteness of human survival and development,accepts Nature＇s priority,environmental load capacity and limit of natural resources,respects objective laws of the Nature,pursues the harmony between Nature and man as well as their common,sustainable development.Ecological civilization,as the achievement of mankind＇s rethinking traditional civilization form especially industrial civilization,embodies great progress of concept and mode in the development of civilization.Relative anthropocentrism and ecological civilization all take people at first,emphasize the common and mutual development in harmony,coordinate the relationships of man,follow scientific outlook on development,sharing internal identity essentially.