超导单光子探测器研究进展

Development of Superconductor Single-photon Detector

超导单光子探测器是一种新型单光子检测器，它是利用超导超薄薄膜中的非平衡态的热电子效应（non—equilibrium hot electron effect）对单个光子信号进行检测，具有暗计数低和探测速率高等优点。本文概述了超导单光子探测器的工作原理、芯片的制备、检测系统的组成和性能指标的表征方法。综述了国内外研究进展和应用，分析了该项研究领域目前存在的问题和面临的挑战。

The superconductor single-photon detector is a new type of single-photon detectors, based on non-equilibrium hot eleetrol effect in supercondut super thin films, providing with low dark count and high detection rate advantages. Because of many potential applications, the superconducting single-photon detectors and related applications are currently a research focus. This paper reviews the performance indexes of superconductor single- photon detector, along with the operation principle, chip fabrication and configuration of the detection systems. An overview of domestic and foreign research progress and application, together with the existing problems and challenges in this field are also presented.