常熟市南湖荡生态服务价值评估

Evaluation on the Eco-service Value of Nanhu Marsh in Changshu City

南湖荡是常熟市第三大湖泊,是城乡结合部的天然湿地。在实地调查和试验的基础上,本文运用市场价值法、费用支出法、影子工程法和成果参照法等,从直接利用价值和间接利用价值两方面对南湖荡湿地的生态服务价值进行了定性和定量货币化评估。研究结果表明,南湖荡现状提供的直接利用价值为2 724万元,间接利用价值为1 948万元,相当于常熟市2008年总GDP的0.03%;生态服务功能从大到小依次为水产养殖(54.81%)、营养循环(28.23%)、涵养水源(7.62%)、侵蚀控制(4.71%)、供水(2.76%)、生物栖息地(1.06%)、科教(0.75%)和水质净化(0.06%);主要生态服务功能为水产养殖,在保持水产养殖优势的同时,加大休闲娱乐和涵养水源方面的投资,合理开发南湖荡湿地资源。在入湖口、生态受损区进行湖滨湿地建设,在湖体、湖滨带和河道采取生态修复措施,保护好南湖荡湿地生态环境,实现南湖荡湿地资源的可持续利用。

Nanhu（South Lake） Marsh,the third largest lake in Changshu City,is a natural wetland in the urban and rural junction.On the basis of field investigations and experiments,this paper,through market value,expenditure,shadow projects and result consultation,made a monetary assessment of the eco-service value of Nanhu Marsh.The research results show that the direct utilization value presented by the status quo of the marsh is 27.24 million yuan RMB,indirect utilization value is 19.48 million yuan RMB,its eco-service functions arranged in descending order are： aquiculture（54.81%）,nutrition cycling（28.23%）,conservation water source（7.62%）,erosion control（4.71%）,water supply（2.76%）,biological habitats（1.06%）,science and education（0.75%） and water purification（0.06%）.Obviously,its main eco-service function is aquiculture.So,while keeping the advantage of aquiculture,investment in the aspects of entertainment and conservation water source must be enlarged and Nanhu Marsh wetland resources be rationally developed.At the lake inlet,and in the area where the eco-system is being threatened,lakeside wetland must be built,ecological restoration measures be applied to the lake body,lakeside and river beds,and the eco-environment in the wetland be protected so as to realize the sustainable utilization of Nanhu Marsh wetland resources.