不同时期刈割对互花米草根系生理影响的研究

Effects of Different Mowing Periods on Physiology of Spartina alterniflora Root System

于2007年4～9月期间,在泉州湾河口湿地生长互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)的滩涂上,采用不同时期对互花米草进行齐地面刈割的方法,测定互花米草根系生理指标,探讨不同时期刈割对互花米草根系生理产生的影响及机制,为利用物理方法治理互花米草奠定理论基础。结果表明,5月22日和7月21日的刈割使互花米草根系可溶性总糖含量总体保持在较低的水平,而4月22日、8月20日和9月19日的刈割虽然也造成根系可溶性总糖含量变低,但其比5～7月刈割后根系可溶性总糖含量高很多;4～7月刈割导致互花米草根系代谢急剧减缓,尤其6～7月刈割使根系活力同比下降了90.58%～92.17%,而8月和9月的刈割则促进了根系代谢,表现为根系活力提高;各刈割处理都会引起互花米草根系游离氨基酸含量增加,5～7月刈割使根系游离氨基酸增加量最大;5～8月刈割使根系可溶性蛋白质含量增加,而4月22日和9月19日的刈割使根系的可溶性蛋白质含量减少;4月22日和7月21日刈割使互花米草根系活性氧清除系统保护酶活性下降,根系活性氧清除系统的功能减弱,而5月22日、6月21日、8月20日和9月19日刈割后,互花米草根系活性氧清除系统保护酶活性上升,根系活性氧清除系统的功能增强。7月刈割互花米草能有效控制互花米草的扩散。

Using the method of mowing to harvest the Spartina alterniflora,its physiology of root system was tested,and the most suitable mowing period of controlling S.alterniflora was studied.The results showed that after mowing S.alterniflora at various periods from April to September,the soluble sugar contents of the root system declined obviously,and decrease amount was much higher from May to July than that of in April,August and September;after mowing S.alterniflora on April 22 and July 21,the root activity reduced greatly,among which the root activity after mowing in June and July reduced 90.58% to 92.17% compared with natural growth of S.alterniflora;the free amino acid contents of the root of S.alterniflora increased at various mowing periods than those at natural conditions,especially mowing in May and July;the soluble protein contents of S.alterniflora root increased after mowing from May to August,however,declined after mowing in April and September;after mowing S.alterniflora in April and July,the activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase and peroxidase of the root system decreased,which reflected the protects enzyme activity of defense system of S.alterniflora reduced.