液力透平在蜡油加氢处理装置上的应用

The Application of Hydraulic Turbine in Wax Oil Hydrogenation Unit

＂液力透平＂是将液态流体工质中蕴藏的能量转换为机械功的机器。其基本工作原理是：高压流体所具有的势能在经过透平叶轮时转换为动能,当高速流体流出叶轮出口时形成反向推力,推动叶轮转动,从而驱动透平轴旋转,透平轴经过离合器带动被驱动设备,将机械功传递给被驱动设备,达到节能的效果。液力透平是高压加氢装置重要的节能设备,其＂安稳长＂运行对降低装置综合能耗具有重要作用。同时,机械密封又是制约液力透平＂安稳长＂运行的重要因素。因此,维护机械密封稳定运行,是提升液力透平装置同步率的重要手段。洛阳分公司蜡油加氢处理装置2009年5月21日开工成功,液力透平于11月14日开车成功,截至目前,除2010年4月6~5月5日,由于进料泵机封泄漏原因导致停运外,液力透平已间断运行357d,节约电能414.6×104kW.h,节约各种费用合计219.57万元。

The hydraulic turbine is a machine that translates the energy contained in hydro-medium to mechanical energy.The working principle of the hydraulic turbine is： the potential energy of the high-pressure liquid is translated to kinetic energy when it flows past the impellers of the turbine;the reverse thrust formed when the high-speed fluid flows out of the outlet of the impellers drives the impellers to rotate,thus driving the shaft of the turbine to rotate;the shaft of the turbine drives the primary equipment through a clutch,passing the mechanical energy to the primary equipment to save energy.The hydraulic turbine is an important energy-saving device in a high-pressure hydrogenation unit,and the safe,stable and long-term operation of the hydraulic turbine is of great significance to reducing the overall energy consumption of a unit.At the same time,mechanical sealing is a key constraint on the safe,stable and long-term operation of the hydraulic turbine.Therefore,maintaining the stable operation of mechanical sealing is an important approach to raising the turbine′s synchronous rate.Sinopec Luoyang Company′s wax oil hydrogenation unit went into operation on May 21,2009 and the unit′s hydraulic turbine started operation on November 14 of the same year.Up to date,except the period from April 6 to May 5,2010 during which the hydraulic turbine was shut down due to a mechanical sealing leakage of the charging pump,the turbine has run for 357 days and as a result 414.6×104kW·h of power and a total of 2.1957 million yuan of costs have been saved.