流行性乙型脑炎流行及发病危险因素研究进展

Progress of the Studies of Japanese Encephalitis Epidemiology and Risk Factors

流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)主要在亚洲流行,近年乙脑流行地区不断扩大,原属非流行区的一些国家和地区报道了乙脑流行。乙脑也是我国最主要的病毒性脑炎,随乙脑疫苗的广泛使用,乙脑的流行地域、流行趋势、年龄构成发生了一定的变化。影响乙脑发病的经济因素、生活居住环境、行为方式等,在不同地区、不同年龄人群可能不同。因此,有必要加强乙脑监测,明确乙脑的疾病负担,特别是了解成人乙脑的发病率、死亡率等流行病学疾病负担,以探讨成人乙脑发病的危险因素、高危人群分布、如何进行预防等问题。

Japanese encephalitis（JE） was occurred mainly in countries of Asia.JE endemic areas expanded in recent years,some former non-endemic countries and regions had reported JE.JE is the most important viral encephalitis in China;with the wide use of JE vaccine,there are some changes in the epidemic areas,trends,and age proportion.Factors affecting the JE incidence,such like economic factors,living environment,behavior,would be different in different regions and different age groups.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen surveillance for JE,to make JE disease burden clearly,especially the disease burden,morbidity and mortality of JE in adult population,to explore the risk factors of adult JE cases,and high-risk group＇s distribution,then discuss how to prevent these problems.