上海市长宁区本市和外来中小学新生白喉抗体水平调查

Study on the Antibody of Diphtheria in Floating and Native New Students in Changning District of Shanghai

目的评价上海市长宁区本市和外来中、小学新生白喉抗体水平,为制定外来流动人口学生疫苗补种方案提供依据。方法整群抽取上海市长宁区招收外来学生最多的7所中、小学校的小学一年级和初中预备班全体学生,以国家免疫规划(National Immunization Programme,NIP)疫苗接种史不全(或不明)的外来学生作为调查对象,同时以NIP疫苗接种史完整的本市学生作为对照,采用酶联免疫吸附试验定量测定白喉IgG抗体。结果小学和初中新生白喉抗体总阳性率分别为80.83%和84.25%,抗体平均浓度(Mean Concentration,MC)分别为1.38IU/ml(国际单位/毫升)和0.73IU/ml。无论是小学还是初中,白喉抗体的阳性率和MC均表现为本市学生高于外来学生。接种了白喉-破伤风联合疫苗(Diphtheria and Tetanus Combined Vaccine,DT)的外来初中新生,白喉抗体阳性率和MC均高于未接种的外来初中新生。结论中、小学生DT加强免疫非常重要,对百日咳-白喉-破伤风联合疫苗和DT接种史不全或不明的外来中、小学生,应补种1剂DT,同时也要注意补种其他NIP疫苗。

Objective To study the immunity of diphtheria in floating and native new students so as to provide reference for new students＇ re-vaccination.Methods New students of 7 elementary schools or middle schools were selected.Floating students with incomplete or blank vaccination notes to national immunization program（NIP）vaccines were set as case group.Native students with complete vaccination notes were set as control group.ELISA quantitative method was used to test IgG of diphtheria antibody.Results The positive rates of diphtheria antibody in elementary and middle school new students were 80.83% and 84.25% and the geometric mean concentration（GMC）were 1.38 IU/ml and 0.73 IU/ml vespectively.The positive rate and GMC in native group were higher than those of floating group.There were difference of diphtheria antibody positive rates and GMC between middle new students with diphtheria-tetanus（DT）immunization and those were without DT immunization.Conclusion DT vaccination was important to primary and middle school students for improving the immunity of diphtheria.Floating students without complete diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus（DPT）or DT immunization were advised to get one DT vaccination and were suggested the other NIP vaccines were suggested as well as.