堰闸隧洞的泄流能力计算公式商榷

Discussion on discharge capacity formulas for weir sluice and tunnel

泄流能力是决定泄水建筑物尺寸大小的关键性问题， 虽有设计手册可供查算， 但很多模型试验的结果与设计差距很大． 同样， 大孔径隧洞的泄流能力也常发生较大设计误差． 本文从水力学基本原理追索计算公式的合理性， 并以模型试验资料验证， 说明有些公式应加修正， 测流控制断面应加明确， 消能流态及其水头损失均应加考虑． 最后还给出了堰闸淹没泄流的流量系数表达式和大孔径隧洞泄洪流量的计算公式．

Based on the principle of hydraulics, the differences between the calculated value and real discharge capacity of weir sluice and tunnel are analyzed. The analysis results are verified by model test data. It shows that the formulas for calculating the discharge capacity must be modified. The new expression of discharge coefficient for submerged weir sluice and the calculation formula for large diameter tunnel are proposed.