内容/形式范畴研究六十年

Sixty Years of Study on Categories of Content and Form

新中国成立后的前30年,对内容/形式的论述深受《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》和苏联文论影响,以反映论为理论背景,具体表现为内容决定论和形式附庸论;后30年,内容/形式范畴逐渐"淡出",在二者关系上先是有意突出文艺的审美属性;在作品构成上,以文本分层思想代替了内容与形式的简单含混的二分法;而一些学者继续研究这对范畴,清算了其中的二元对立思维方式。其中的成果值得继承,其中的遗留问题值得深入反思。

In the first 30 years since the founding of the People＇s Republic of China,the discussion of content and form,whose theoretical background was theory of reflection,and whose two concrete manifestations were content determinism and form dependency theory,was deeply influenced by Mao Zedong＇s ＂Talks at the Yan＇an Forum on Literature and Art＂,and the literary theories of former Soviet Union;while in the latter 30 years,the importance attached to the study of categories of content and format was gradually waning.In the first place,in dealing with the relationship between content and form,literary aestheticism was intentionally given prominence.Then,in terms of the composition of literary works,the theory of text stratification took the place of the simple and vague dichotomy between content and form.Yet some scholars still undertook their studies into these two categories,and made clear the thinking mode of binary opposition in it.Their research fruits should be well carried forward,but the problems left over deserve our in-depth reflections.