上海小刀会起义败亡真相初探——兼议上海小刀会起义最后阶段与太平天国的关系

On the Truth of the Fall of Shanghai Small Swords Society Uprising:With reference to the Relation between the Last Phase of Shanghai Small Swords Society Uprising and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

1854年12月9日法国武装干涉上海小刀会起义后,各种力量格局发生了不利于小刀会的变化,而小刀会内部的行动战略却产生了明显分歧,无法形成合力突围出去,投奔太平军。在界墙修筑完成以后,小刀会处境更加艰难。在最后的关键时刻,刘丽川精心谋划了通过放火制造乱相而逼使所有成员从西门突围的安排。但是,这种安排最终演变成分散的大逃亡,逃出来的只有一部分人投奔了太平军。由此看来,在改变了"等待接管"的战略以后,奔赴太平天国一直是小刀会追求的战略目标。

After the armed intervention by France in Shanghai Small Swords Society Uprising on December 9,1854,unfavourable changes for the Society occurred in the strength patterns.The internal action strategy of the Society also became obviously divergent,and the Society was unable to make concerted efforts to sally out and rush toward the Taiping Army.The situation got even worse after the construction of the partition wall was completed.At the final critical moment,Liu Lichuan conceived a plan： raising a fire to produce chaos,thus forcing all the members to break through from the west gate.Such arrangement,however,turned out to be a scattered hegira,and only a part of the fugitives escaped to the Taiping Army.By this token,Small Swords Society,after changing its strategy of ＂waiting to be taken over＂,always took turning to the Taiping Army as its strategic target.