谁在抑制居民的消费需求？--基于国民收入分配格局的分析

Who is Suppressing Resident-Consumer Demand? an Analysis Based on China's National Income Distribution Patterns

经济转型以来中国国民收入分配格局发生了巨大变化,国民收入分配从向居民倾斜逐步演变成向政府倾斜。分析1992—2007年16年间我国国民收入在企业、政府和居民三部门之间分配格局的变化,可以发现:居民部门在全国可支配收入中的占比1996年达到最高,此后逐年降低,截至2007年,总共下降了8.6个百分点。在初次分配阶段,居民部门下降了5.41个百分点,而企业和政府部门则分别上升了3.89个和1.52个百分点;在再分配阶段,居民部门下降了8.60个百分点,而政府和企业部门则分别上升了3.03和5.57个百分点。在初次分配中,居民部门劳动者报酬和财产收入占比的下降,分别使其在国民收入中的占比下降了5.99个和3.21个百分点。因此,应该适当调整中国国民收入分配格局,提高居民收入比重,并将国民收入分配格局的调整与各经济主体内部收入分配结构的调节有机结合。

The pattern of national income distribution in China has been changed greatly since 1978.This paper conducts an analysis on the patterns of the business,government and resident sectors through 1992-2007 and finds that the share of disposable income of residents peaked in 1996 and then started to fall,with 8.6% by the end of 2007.At the primary distribution stage of national income,disposable income share of residents fell by 5.41 % while those of business and government rose by 3.89% and 1.52 % respectively.At redistribution stage of national income,disposable income share of residents fell by 8.60% while those of government and the business rose by 3.03% and 5.57% respectively.In the primary distribution of national income,the share of resident wages and property-based income saw a decline of 5.99 % and 3.21 % respectively.Therefore,we recommend to readjust the pattern of national income distribution in China and to enhance the proportion of resident share.