族际交流与土家族语言的历史变迁——以鄂西南地区为例

Study on the Historical Change of Tujia Language in Southwest Region of Hubei Province

现代化背景下,鄂西南地区丰富多彩的民族历史文化正在发生剧烈变迁。土家语作为鄂西南地区土家族文化事象之一,已经逐步走向衰败。文章对鄂西南土家语的历史与现状进行了梳理与分析,认为在族际交流的过程中,外来文化的影响、学校教育的普及以及多民族之间的杂居与通婚等原因,加速了鄂西南地区土家语的汉语转用进程,导致土家族语言交际功能的最终丧失。

In the background of modernization,the colourful ethnic history and culture is changing drastically in southwest Hubei.Tujia language,though as one of the major cultural aspects of Tujia nationality in Southwest Hubei,has declined day by day.The essay hackles and analyses the history and the present situation of Tujia language and comes to the conclusion that with the historical change and development of society,some factors,such as foreign culture,universal education,an ethnically mixed community and the intermarriage among different nationalities,accelerate the process of Tujia language——Chinese shift,and finally lead to the disappearance of its communicative functions.