海南岛实蝇群落的多样性分析

Diversity of Fruit Fly Community in Hainan Island

2007～2009年在海南岛内海口、文昌、三亚、儋州、琼中、吊罗山、尖峰岭和霸王岭等8个地方,选择代表性区域,采用实蝇性诱捕剂和蛋白引诱法对8个地区实蝇群落的生物多样性进行分析。结果表明,海南实蝇可全年发生,其中,尖峰岭的实蝇种类丰富度最高,有18种,其次是霸王岭和琼中,有15种,吊罗山14种,海口和三亚均为12种,文昌和儋州的实蝇种类丰富度低,同为11种;海南区域实蝇群落优势种为桔小实蝇[Bactrocera(Bactrocera)dorsalis(Hendel)],常见种有差异;海口和琼中实蝇群落常见种同为瓜实蝇[B.(Zeugodacus)cucurbitae Coquillett];吊罗山和霸王岭常见种同为锈红实蝇[B.(Z.)rubigina Wang&zhao];文昌、三亚、儋州和尖峰岭无常见种。3年的试验结果表明,实蝇群落多样性指数均以三亚最低。各地实蝇种类相似性变化不大,相似性系数为0.36～0.76。

The diversity of fruit fly community in Hainan Island was investigated sampled in Haikou,Wenchang,Sanya,Danzhou,Qiongzhong,Diaoluoshan,Jianfengling,and Bawangling from 2007 to 2009.Fruit fly species were collected by methyl eugenol bait,cuelure bait and protein bait traps.The results showed that the fruit fly could occurr all-year in Hainan Island.The highest species richness of fruit fly was found at Jianfengling with 18 species,followed by Bawangling and Qiongzhong with 15 species,Diaoluoshan with 14 species,and Haikou and Sanya with 12 species.The lowest species richness was found at Wenchang and/or Danzhou with 11 species.The dominant species was Bactrocera（B.）dorsalis（Hendel）in all the 8 regions.The common species were different in different regions.In Haikou and Qiongzhong,B.（Z.）cucurbitae（Coquillett）was the common species.But it was B.（Z.）rubigina（Wang ＆ zhao）in Diaoluoshan or Bawangling.And no common species was found in Wenchang,Sanya,Danzhou,and Jianfengling.The lowest diversity index was found at Sanya.The similarity index of species was stabilized relatively,ranged from 0.36 to 0.76.