中国汉族人群原发性高血压危险因素横断面调查

A cross-sectional study on risk factors of essential hypertension in Chinese Han populations

目的探讨与原发性高血压(EH)有关的危险因素,为高血压高危人群风险预测提供科学依据和方法。方法采用横断面调查方法,对开滦(集团)有限责任公司1 224例员工进行体格检查和问卷调查。采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测ACE基因的Alu I/D多态性;采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)的方法测定血管紧张素原(AGT)基因型和血管紧张素Ⅱ的1型受体(AT1R)基因型;全自动生化仪测定生化指标。结果不同性别、年龄人群的原发性高血压患病率不同(P<0.001);胆固醇、三酰甘油、血尿酸及体重指数异常者,原发性高血压患病率高(P<0.001);打鼾、吸烟、饮酒者、有原发性高血压家族史者患病率高(P<0.001);不同AGT、ACE基因型人群的原发性高血压患病率不同(P<0.001,P=0.027)。不同AT1R基因型人群的原发性高血压患病的差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 AGT基因CC基因型、年龄、性别、体重指数、家族史、血尿酸、三酰甘油及打鼾是原发性高血压患病的独立危险因素。

【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between risk facts and essential hypertension（EH） so as to provide scientific evidences and approaches for the risk prediction of hypertension.【Methods】 A cross-sectional study was performed in 1224 subjects from Kailuan Coal Mine.The data were obtained by the physical examination and a unified questionnaire.The biochemical parameters were measured by automatic analyzer.The genotype of I/D of ACE was assessed by using polymerase chain reaction（PCR）.Polymerize chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism（PCR-RLFP） was used to detect the T704C AGT genotypes and A1166-C of AT1R.【Results】 The result showed that the morbidity of EH was different in different sex and age（P 〈0.001）.The morbidity of EH was higher in people with abnormal cholesterol,uric acid,triglyceride and weight,and in people who had family history of EH,smoking,drinking and snoring（P 〈0.001）.The morbidity of EH varied with different AGT,ACE genotypes（P〈 0.001,P =0.027）.There was no difference in EH morbidity between people with different genotypes of AT1R（P 〉0.05）.【Conclusion】 After a logistic regression analysis,the CC genotype of AGT,age,sex,obesity,snoring,family history,uric acid and glycerinate are independent risk factors of EH.