美国经验视角下我国海关贸易便利化制度的完善

A Discussion on Improving the Customs Trade Facility System of China——A Perspective from the United States

我国除传统的通关便利外已经先后实施了以海关风险管理制度、海关企业分类管理制度等为代表的贸易便利化制度,取得了相当大的成绩,但也存在着不小的差距。本文选择美国海关贸易便利化制度的特点作为参照物,针对我国海关贸易便利化制度中的指导思想、海关与商界关系以及海关国际合作等问题展开对比分析,提出我国海关应当确立贸易便利与贸易安全平衡发展的指导思想、海关与商界之间应当构建"伙伴关系"以及深化海关国际合作并积极推动我国海关贸易便利化制度国际化。

China has made great progress in implementing trade facility systems, represented by customs risk management system and customs enterprise classification system, in addition to the traditional measures facilitating customs clearance. Still, a substantial gap remains between China and developed coun- tries in this regard. With the feature of the US Customs Border and Protection trade facility system as the frame of reference, comparing and analyzing the guiding ideology of the customs trade facility system, the relationship between the customs and the business, as well as international customs cooperation, this article proposes that China customs should establish a guiding ideology of balancing trade facility and trade security; Customs should build a ＂partnership＂ relationship with the business; international customs cooperation should be strengthened; the internationalization of China customs trade facility system should be proactively promoted.