马克思“两种立法权”思想及其宪政价值

Marx's Thought of "Two Kinds of Legislative Powers" and It's Constitutional Implications

立法权的归属问题是市民社会与国家分离理论的一个关键问题和难点问题。卢梭主张立法权属于市民社会;黑格尔主张立法权属于国家。两者都割裂了市民社会与国家的关系。立法权本身是国家制度的一部分,但国家制度毕竟也不是由自己产生的,即立法权与国家制度的"二律背反"。马克思敏锐地觉察到这一问题,并提出了"两种立法权"(法外立法权与法内立法权)分离的思想加以解决,正确揭示了市民社会与国家的双重关系,具有重要宪政价值。

The ownership of legislative power is a key issue in the theory of the separation between civil society and state.Rousseau and Hegel both stuck to a separation between civil society and state： one argued that legislative power belonged to the civil society while the other contended that legislative power belonged to the state.The legislative power,however,is one part of the state system which is in turn generated by the legislative power： there is an antinomy between them.Keenly aware of this antinomy,Marx proposed a separation between the ＂two kinds of legislative powers＂（i.e.the legislative power under the constitution and the legislative power above the constitution） to solve this problem,which reveals the interdependence between civil society and state and has significant constitutional implications.