乾嘉时期乌鲁木齐商屯研究

A Study of the Business Reclamation in Urumqi during the Qianlong and Jiaqing Periods in the Qing Dynasty

乾隆中叶,清朝统一新疆。为了活跃新疆经济,清朝采取鼓励内地商民出关贸易的政策,大批内地商民纷纷携资入疆。乌鲁木齐得天独厚的地理与气候条件,使商屯最早在此得到开展,且发展有一定的规模。乾嘉时期,乌鲁木齐商屯的开展对当地经济的发展、城镇的建设产生了重要的影响,为乌鲁木齐到清末发展为新疆政治、军事、经济的中心奠定了坚实的经济基础。

In the mid-Qianlong period in the Qing Dynasty,the Central Government re-unified Xinjiang and encouraged business people from the inland China to trade in Xinjiang in order to re-vitalize the economy of Xinjiang.A large number of businessmen brought funds into Xinjiang.Urumqi＇s unique geographical and climatic conditions helped the development of the first business reclamation in this place,and the development reached a certain scale.Later the Central Government devised favorable policies to ensure a smooth development of businessman reclamation.The development of businessman reclamation in Urumqi promoted local economic development and urban construction and laid a solid economic foundation for Urumqi to become the political,military and economic center of Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty.