民族艺术与民间艺术中的非物质和物质遗产

Intangible and Material Heritage in Ethnic Art and Folk Art

非物质遗产想要被保存下来,其理念和价值观就必须为观众所接受或最好能激发观众的兴趣。对于物质遗产来说,艺术家必须能够获得创作所需的物质材料。一旦材料的来源枯竭,艺术家就不得不停止创作或者另寻他途。遗产的物质方面不自觉地成为了社会关系网络中的一部分,它们在其中被制作、使用和交换,并且传统或许需要改变才能被保存下来。笔者通过后欧洲殖民时期澳大利亚边远地区的原住民艺术史和同山东工艺美术学院合作的关于20世纪山东省民间艺术两个个案的研究来详述上述思考。

If intangible heritage wants to be preserved, its ideas and values must be accepted by the audience or, preferably, can stimulate the audience＇s interest. For the material heritage, the artists must be able to obtain materials necessary for creation. Once the source of the material is dried up, the artists have to stop stop their creation or to find another way out. The material of the heritage unconsciously becomes part of the network of social relations, in which they are made, used and exchanged, and may need to change the traditional order to be saved. The author gives a detailed thinking through the two case studies of the 20th Century folk art through the aboriginal art history in the colonial period in Europe of the remote areas of Australia, and co - operation with the Shandong Institute of Arts.