温州市10社区居民高血压病现状及危险因素的流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey of hypertension prevalence and related risk factors in Wenzhou city

目的了解温州市35岁以上居民高血压病患病现状及相关危险因素,为制定高血压病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取年龄在35周岁以上居民13 507人,随机抽样的调查方法进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。结果温州市35周岁以上居民高血压病患病率为40.28%,高血压病患病率男性高于女性(P=0.00),高血压病患病率有随年龄增高而上升的趋势;高血压病知晓率、服药率、控制率、治疗者血压控制率分别为51.25%,28.32%、10.53%、22.10%。多因素非条件logistic回归显示高血压病的危险因素为超重肥胖、文化程度低、糖尿病、口味重、经常饮酒等。结论高血压病已成为影响35岁以上居民身体健康的重要公共卫生问题,要加强社区综合干预工作,有效防控高血压病以及心脑血管疾病的发生发展。

Objective To study the hypertension prevalence and its related risk factors among residents aged 35 years and over in Wenzhou city,Zhejiang province.Methods A multistage randomized clustering sampling was used to investigate residents aged 35 years and over in 10 communities of Wenzhou city.13 507 participants were selected for questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory tests.Results The participants had the hypertension rate of 40.28% on average,which was higher in men than in women（P0.05）.The proportions of participants with hypertension awareness,treatment,physical control and medication control were 51.25%,28.32%,10.53% and 22.1%,respectively.A logistic regression analysis model suggested that the major risk factors were age,overweight/obesity,diabetes,low education level,the high level of salt intake and the frequently over drinking of wine.Conclusion The residents had the high prevalence rate of hypertension with low awareness,treatment and control rates in Wenzhou.It is important to carry out a community based hypertension intervention focusing on the risk factors of the disease.