不同血铅水平时小学生神经行为的差异

Blood lead lvevls and children's neurobehavior、Hyperactivity

用原子吸收法测定372 名小学生的血铅(pbB) ,同时测定红细胞游离原卟啉( FEP) 、血中5羟色胺(5HT) 、多巴胺( DA) 和去甲肾上腺素( NE) ;采用 WHO 提供的神经行为核心测试组合测定神经行为;Conners 量表测多动。共20 项指标,分别以血铅5 、10 、15 、25μg/dl 为界划分成高铅组与低铅组,比较各指标差异。结果表明:10μg/dl 及以上界值的两组间皆有8 ～11 项差异无显著(P< 0-05 或< 0-01) ,以5μg/dl 为界两组间各指标差异无显著性。而血铅低于10μg/dl 、FEP≥50μg/dl时最大反应时延长( P< 0-05) ,视觉记忆缩短(P < 0-05) ,因而,pbB≥10μg/dl 者或BPb < 10μg/dl、FEP≥50μg/dl

The effcts fo low lead exposure on neurobehavior and hyperactivity in 360 inner city school children were assessed by measuring the blood lead (PbB),air lead level and FEP、serotonin (5 HT)、dopamine (DA)、noradrenaline (NE)in whole blood.180 children living near a busy road are exposed to lead and 180 are as controls.All were given a neurobehavioral core test battery (WHO recommended neurobehavioral test battery,NCTB).Hyperactivity was quantified by using Conner's teacher and parent's questionnaire.As compared with the control group,the exposed group showed significantly higher air lead level、blood lead level、FEP and lower 5 HT level.The children with blood lead level≥10g/dl were 59 17% (66 67% in the exposed group and 57 67% in the control group).Analysis of the children's neurobehavioral test performance showed the elevated lead levels (PbB≥10μg/dl) were.associated with deficits in visualmotor functioning、visual perceptual capacity and mood states.Hyperactivity was significantly increased with elevated blood lead levels in the children.The children with PbB<10μg/dl、FEP≥50μg/dl had deficit in visual memory and attention.Thus,we suggest the blood lead be 10μg/dl as the definition of the children lead toxicity.THe children with PbB<10μg/dl,FEP≥50μg/dl should also be prevented from lead toxicity.