山地历史小城镇的消防事故致因及其适应性对策研究

Study on Causes for Fire Accidents in Smaller Historic Towns in Mountain Regions and Their Countermeasures

山地历史小城镇因区位偏远、地形地貌复杂、文物建筑密度大、居民文化水平偏低等多方面原因,导致消防工作难度大于其他小城镇。基于当前我国山地历史小城镇的消防建设工作处于被忽视的现状和小城镇建设步伐加快的背景,指出山地历史小城镇消防工作的紧迫性和重要性。以湖南洪江古城为例,针对山地历史小城镇的火灾特点,对其消防事故原因及其扑救障碍因素进行分析,提出山地历史小城镇消防工作的适应性对策。研究结果表明,山地历史小城镇的消防工作必须与保护不可再生文物建筑相结合,同时尊重山地生态环境,采用分区消防规划,结合科学的管理方法,做到消防方案的适应性与可行性。

Firefighting of smaller historic towns in mountain region is more difficult than other small towns due to their characteristics such as remote location,complex topography,historical and cultural relics density,lower educational level,etc.Based on the current status of fire issues to be neglected and the background of accelerating the pace of construction in smaller towns,the importance and urgency for fire work of smaller historic towns in mountain region is firstly pointed out.Then,taking Hongjiang,a historic town in the northwest of Hunan Province,as an example,the causes for fire accidents and fire fighting barriers are summarized,some proper countermeasures are proposed.It is concluded that firefighting work of smaller historic towns in mountain region must be combined with the protection of historical and cultural relics,the respect of mountain environment,the divisional design of fire planning and the scientific management,by which the fire program can be made more adaptive and feasible.