企业系统化安全管理的主要问题及成因分析

Main Problems in Enterprise's Systematic Safety Management and Their Causation Analysis

针对系统化安全管理实践中存在着安全管理体系建立的模板化、安全管理体系运行的形式化、安全管理体系持续改进的无效化等问题,提出要提高安全管理绩效,首先纠正企业对系统化安全管理的认知偏差,统一企业不同管理层次的认识;其次是用正确的安全管理方法论作指导,开展系统化安全管理实践;三是匹配企业安全管理实践与系统化要求,发挥和协调不同管理主体的参与,对危险源进行动态化管理,有效实施绩效监测与改进。总之,企业系统化安全管理不能作为单纯的一项工作或任务来完成,必须以解决企业的具体安全生产问题为目标;系统化安全管理是一个持续优化的动态过程,既要把握安全管理系统化的要求,也要有效开展安全管理系统化实践。

Aiming at the problem that OHSMS（occupational health and safety management system） is templated during construction,is formalized during implementation and is inefficient in continual improvement,3 countermeasures are presented as follows so as to enhance the safety management performances.The first measure is to eliminate cognitive biases of enterprise on systematic safety management and to rectify cognitive dissonance of various managements;the second is to adopt systematic safety management theory to guide safety management practices;the third is to settle the mismatches between systematic requirements and the practices,harmonize the participation of various parties,dynamically control hazards and effectively implement performance monitoring and improvement.In a word,systematical safety management can not be treated as a mere work or task and should solve the practical problems.Systematical safety management is a dynamical process that should be optimized continually;it is necessary to grasp the requirements on systematization of safety management and to effectively practise at the same time.