赣江中游及支流的淡水贝类多样性和丰度

Species Diversity and Abundance of Freshwater Molluscks in the Middle Reaches of Gan River and the Surrounding Branches

2007年6月—2010年4月对江西省赣江中游及支流的淡水贝类进行了标本采集、鉴定和多样性研究。结果表明:该流域共有淡水贝类45种,其中腹足纲24种,瓣鳃纲21种,梨形环棱螺、耳河螺、方格短沟蜷、格氏短沟蜷、河蚬和湖沼股蛤为该江段淡水贝类优势种。平均生物量为37.98 g.m-2,平均密度为39.04 ind.m-2。Shan-non-Wiener和Simpson多样性指数分析发现,淡水贝类多样性随季节差异不显著,但随断面差异显著。比较了国内一些河流淡水贝类的多样性,讨论了河流淡水贝类的分布特点,分析了赣江贝类物种受胁因素,并提出淡水贝类的保护对策。

An investigation of freshwater molluscks was conducted in the middle main stream and branches of Gan River,the most important river in the Jiangxi Province from June 2007 to April 2010.45 species were collected,24 species belonging to Gastropoda and 21 species belonging to Lamellibranchia.There were 6 dominant species,including Bellamya purificata,Rivularia auriculata,Semisulcospira cancellata,Semisulcospira gredleri,Corbicula fluminea and Limnoperna lacustris.The annual mean biomass of mollusks in the middle reaches of Gan River and the surrounding branches was 37.98 g·m^-2and the density was 39.04 ind·m-2.Using biodiversity indices to analyze the molluscks,the results showed that the biodiversity indices has little to do with different seasons,but greater relationship with different localities.Comparing with some rivers in China,we discussed the traits of distribution of freshwater molluscks and analyzed the threatening factors.In addition,we also gave some strategies to protect the freshwater molluscks.