柴油微乳液的制备及其性能研究

Preparation of microemusion of diesel oil and its properties

介绍了-10#,0#柴油微乳液的组成,确定了柴油、水、表面活性剂的质量配比,采用超声波处理为分散手段制备了微乳化柴油;并将-10#柴油制备的微乳液与0#柴油制备的微乳液作了对比;对制得的微乳化柴油的十六烷值、闪点、密度、黏度、粒径、凝点、热值、胶质质量浓度等理化性能指标进行了测定与分析对比;同时进行了道路实验。研究结果表明:表面活性剂质量分数3%,掺水率(含水质量分数)分别为14%和15%制得的-10#柴油和0#柴油微乳液理化指标均符合燃油国家标准。2种柴油微乳液粒径均在50—70 nm之间,稳定时间均在1 a以上;与-10#柴油相比,0#柴油更易制得微乳液,相同条件下,0#柴油掺水率更高,乳化剂质量分数为3%时可达16%。

The composition of microemulsion made of-10# and 0# diesel oil was introduced,and the mass ratios of diesel oil,water and surfactant were determined.The microemulsions were prepared by using ultrasonic emulsification method.The microemulsion made of-10# diesel oil was compared with that made of 0# diesel oil.The physicochemical properties of the microemulsions were measured and comparatively analyzed,including cetane number,flash point,density,viscosity,diameter,freezing point,gross heating value and resin mass concentration,etc.Meanwhile,the road running emissions were measured.The results show that under the conditions of surfactant mass fraction 3% and water mass fraction 14% and 15% respectively,the physicochemical properties of microemulsions made of-10# and 0# diesel oil can meet the national standard of fuel oil.The diameter range of the two microemulsions of diesel oil is 50-70 nm,with the stabilization time more than 1 a.Compared with-10# diesel oil,0# diesel oil is easier to prepare the microemulsion under the same conditions,the water ratio of 0# diesel oil is higher,which can reach 16% when the mass fraction of surfactant is 3%.